Steering system: The action of the rudder in steering a ship. Types of rudders. Rudder carrier and pointless. Steering gear. Design requirements. Types of steering gear: Hydraulic, Electric, and Electrohydraulic. Anchoring systems: Anchor handling arrangements from hawse pipe to spill pipe. Windlass and capstan arrangement on the deck. Mooring of ship: arrangement of mooring lines, fairleads and mooring bitts. Cargo handling gear: Masts and Sampson posts. Boom types and deck cranes. Cargo access and automatic hatch covers. Ship piping systems: Bilge, Ballast, Fresh water, etc.